ABUP IoT Cloud Platform
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
- CVSS v4 5.9
- ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/Low attack complexity
- Vendor: ABUP
- Equipment: ABUP Internet of Things (IoT) Cloud Platform
- Vulnerability: Incorrect Privilege Assignment
2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to access device profiles for which they are not authorized.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following ABUP products are affected:
- ABUP IoT Cloud Platform: All Versions
3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 INCORRECT PRIVILEGE ASSIGNMENT CWE-266
Actors can use a maliciously crafted JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Web Token (JWT) to perform privilege escalation by submitting the malicious JWT to a vulnerable method exposed on the cloud platform. If the exploit is successful, the user can escalate privileges to access any device managed by the Cloud Update Platform.
CVE-2025-4692 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-4692. A base score of 5.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.3 BACKGROUND
- CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Communications
- COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
- COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: China
3.4 RESEARCHER
Daniel Christensen of Telenor reported this vulnerability to CISA
4. MITIGATIONS
ABUP did not respond to CISA's request for coordination.
The vulnerable method has been removed by the vendor and is no longer accessible. Users of the cloud platform do not need to take any action. Legitimate users of the cloud update platform should be aware that there was a period of exposure that ended on 19 April 2025 and should consider modifying authentication information.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:
- Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the Internet.
- Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
- When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.
5. UPDATE HISTORY
- May 20, 2025: Initial Publication
This product is provided subject to this Notification and this Privacy & Use policy.