Viessmann Vitogate 300
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
- CVSS v4 8.7
- ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
- Vendor: Viessmann
- Equipment: Vitogate 300
- Vulnerabilities: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection'), Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to modify an intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component, or allow an attacker to cause unexpected interactions between the client and server.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following versions of Viessmann Vitogate 300 are affected:
- Vitogate 300: Versions prior to 3.1.0.1
3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') CWE-78
Vitogate 300 constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component.
CVE-2025-9494 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-9494. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.2.2 Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security CWE-602
When the server relies on client-side protection mechanisms, an attacker can modify the client-side behavior to bypass the protection mechanisms, resulting in potentially unexpected interactions between the client and server. The consequences will vary, depending on what the mechanisms are trying to protect.
CVE-2025-9495 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-9495. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.3 BACKGROUND
- CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Commercial Facilities
- COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
- COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany
3.4 RESEARCHER
adhkr of LuwakLab working with Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative and Souvik Kandar of MicroSec (microsec.io) reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.
4. MITIGATIONS
These vulnerabilities have been resolved in Vitogate 300 software version 3.1.0.1. Users are strongly encouraged to upgrade by downloading software version 3.1.0.1 or newer from the Vitogate 300 website.
For more information refer to Carrier's product security advisory CARR-PSA-2025-02.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:
- Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
- Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
- When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:
- Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
- Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
- Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.
No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely.
5. UPDATE HISTORY
- September 23, 2025: Initial Publication
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